The toxicity of P25TiO₂NPs under UV radiation could be even higher when combined with other usual components of sunscreens Indeed, Soler de la Vega et al. advise that combination with parabens increases the toxicity of the final cosmetic mixture [53].

In a 2021, Chinese researchers examined the impact of E171 on lipid digestion and vitamin D3 bioaccessibility in a simulated human gastrointestinal tract model. They examined Vitamin D’s bioaccessibility, or the amount it was released in the gastrointestinal tract, becoming available for absorption, and found it “significantly decreased from 80% to 74%” with the addition of E171. In the experiment, E171 decreased lipid digestion dose-dependently. Researchers wrote: “The findings of this study enhance our understanding toward the potential impact of E171 on the nutritional attributes of foods for human digestion health.”  The study was published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 

The Lithopone market is segmented into application, and region. The major applications studied in the global Lithopone market report include paints & coatings, plastics, printing inks, paper & pulps, rubber, leather, linoleum, and others. Region-wise, the market is studied across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA. 

To put this all into context maybe we should go back to the beginning & Bluescope steel who make all of our lovely Australian colour bond iron roofs.

In addition to quality and reliability, r 996 titanium dioxide suppliers also offer competitive pricing, ensuring that customers get value for their money. By sourcing products from these suppliers, businesses can save costs without compromising on the quality of the raw materials used in their production processes.

TiO₂ is typically thought of as being chemically inert, meaning it does not react with other chemicals and is, therefore, a stable substance that can be used in many different industries and for various applications.

In summary, the Food Directorate's position is that there is no conclusive scientific evidence that the food additive TiO₂ is a concern for human health. This is based on a review of the available scientific data relevant to food uses of TiO₂. However, we will continue to monitor the emerging science on the safety of TiO₂ as a food additive and may revisit our position if new scientific information becomes available.

In its 2016 opinion, the ANS Panel recommended new studies be carried out to fill the gaps on possible effects on the reproductive system, which could enable them to set an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI ). Uncertainty around the characterisation of the material used as the food additive (E 171) was also highlighted, in particular with respect to particle size and particle size distribution of titanium dioxide used as E 171.   

Lithopone in plastics and masterbatch

Sulphate and chloride methods

What is an exposure route?